Why is Hepatitis D Important? Hepatitis D virus (HDV) leads to faster progression of chronic viral hepatitis and can even lead to Fulminant hepatic failure. It cannot survive on its own because it is a defective RNA virus that requires the HBsAg (Hepatitis B surface antigen) of Hepatitis B virus to enter hepatocytes and replicate. GoldenRead More
sPESI – Pulmonary embolism severity index Mnemonic: COPS BP 100 /80A Cancer, Chronic cardiopulmonary disease, oxygen saturation, pulse rate > 100/min, SBP < 100 mm Hg and Age > 80 years Class Meaning Clinical Features Preferred Initial Anticoagulation Reperfusion Strategy Memory Hack A Asymptomatic PE Incidental PE, no symptoms DOAC or LMWH (Enoxaparin) Not usually requiredRead More
For the first time, once-weekly basal insulin has been approved in India, marking one of the biggest advances in insulin therapy in decades. The approved molecule is Insulin Icodec, a long-acting basal insulin designed to provide 7-day glucose control with a single weekly injection. What is Insulin Icodec? Insulin Icodec is an ultra-long-acting basal insulin analogueRead More
Lumipulse G is an FDA-cleared biomarker assay used to aid in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease. The newest version is the Lumipulse G pTau217/β-Amyloid 1-42 Plasma Ratio, which is the first FDA-cleared blood test to help detect amyloid pathology associated with Alzheimer’s disease. What does it measure? It measures the ratio of: Phosphorylated tau-217 (pTau217) β-AmyloidRead More
Stop memorizing only creatinine and urine output!! KDIGO 2026 introduces damage biomarkers like NGAL, TIMP-2 and IGFBP7, helping detect kidney injury before kidney failure. The future of AKI diagnosis is functional + structural assessment. Master this update now—because the next exam definitely will! #KeepHammering Severity Staging System for AKI Biomarkers of kidney injury: NGAL, TIMP-2 andRead More
This is a must know topic that is asked in UPSC CMS, NEET PG and INICET examinations. Go through this mini blog with approximate read time of 3 minutes and remember each line. Condition Target Remarks SAH SBP < 140-160 For raised ICP: Keep CPP > 60 Prevent re-bleeding while maintaining cerebral perfusion. Spontaneous ICH SBPRead More
Once in 6 Months Blood Pressure Injection: The Future of Anti-Hypertensive Therapy Explained High blood pressure affects millions of people in India — and nearly 1 in 4 adults lives with hypertension, many without knowing it. The real challenge is not just treatment, but taking medicines regularly. Now imagine controlling blood pressure with just two injectionsRead More
Think NEET PG and INI-CET prep is the same just because the syllabus overlaps? Think Again. One exam throws you a straightforward question like, “Drug treatment for malaria on Day 2 with dosages?” The other presents a 6 line clinical stem with an image of a Giemsa stain and has multiple correct options. The examiners expectRead More
Questions on types of cerebral oedema are frequent in NEET PG, INI-CET, and FMGE exams—often integrated in clinical scenarios involving trauma, stroke, tumors, or infections. Differentiating vasogenic vs cytotoxic edema is not just academic—it’s clinically relevant, radiologically distinct, and high-yield for MCQs. Feature Cytotoxic Edema Think neuronal Cell is swollen Vasogenic Edema Think Vascular leak Read More
Handling patients with Prolapsed intervertebral disc and offering them gabapentin for years is what we are doing for decades now. Have you ever wished you could literally follow a nerve along its winding path and catch it in the act of being compressed, inflamed, or injured? Well, MRI Neurography does just that—it’s like Sherlock Holmes forRead More
