Bartter Syndrome vs. Gitelman Syndrome: A Must-Know Topic for NEET PG & INI-CET Aspirants
When preparing for NEET PG and INI-CET, mastering renal tubular disorders is crucial. Among these, Bartter Syndrome and Gitelman Syndrome are frequently tested due to their importance in clinical practice. Understanding their pathophysiology, clinical presentation, and lab findings with precision is essential for scoring high in medical entrance exams.
Pathophysiology in a Nutshell
- Bartter Syndrome mimics the effect of chronic loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide), leading to salt-wasting and hypokalemia.
- Gitelman Syndrome mimics thiazide diuretics, causing hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, and hypocalciuria.
Clinical Case Example
| Case 1 | Case 2 |
| A 3-month-old infant presents with failure to thrive, polyuria, and hypokalaemia. Urinary calcium is high. Think Bartter Syndrome | 15-year-old presents with muscle cramps, fatigue. Labs show hypokalaemia, hypomagnesemia and low urinary calcium. Think Gitelman Syndrome.
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These clinical and biochemical differences should be memorized thoroughly to answer exam questions accurately. Bookmark this page on marwahMedicine.com for your last-minute revision!